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Case of the Week 284 
What's the most likely diagnosis?
- 4 week old premature infant
- Transient tachypnea of the newborn
- Diaphragmatic hernia
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Congenital adenomatoid malformation
- Meconium aspiration syndrome
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Answer:
3. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
More (Click Discussion Tab)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
General Considerations
- First described as a chronic lung disease seen in premature newborns treated for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) with supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation for at least one week
- It is now recognized that bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) may complicate other types of neonatal lung disorders such as meconium aspiration syndrome and pneumonia
- Common to almost all causes is oxygen administered under positive pressure
- One definition involves an oxygen requirement at 28 days of life to maintain arterial oxygen tensions >50 mm Hg accompanied by abnormal chest radiographs
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