22 “Must See” Diagnostic
Images for Medical Students
AMSER’s “Shortlist”
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AMSER is the national Alliance
of Medical Student Educators in Radiology |
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Their National Curriculum for
Medical Students, developed by Kitt Shaffer, MD and Petra Lewis, MD, contains
a “Diagnostic Shortlist” of “must see" images “all students should
recognize” |
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This is a limited list of
diagnoses that AMSER believes all students should be able to recognize,
regardless of their planned specialty |
The Owl
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Wherever you see the owl
graphic, that slide contains a hyperlink to additional information. Click on
the blue link |
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Pneumothorax
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To learn more about
pneumothorax, go to: Recognizing a
Pneumothorax |
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Pneumomediastinum
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To learn more about
pneumomediastinum, go to: Pneumomediastinum |
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Pneumoperitoneum
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To learn more about
pneumoperitoneum, go to: Recognizing Free Air |
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Effect of Position -
Layering
Pleural Effusion
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To learn more about pleural
effusions, go to: Recognizing a Pleural Effusion |
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Pulmonary Edema
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To learn more about pulmonary
edema, go to: Recognizing Congestive Heart Failure |
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Aortic Dissection
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To learn more about aortic
dissection, go to: Aortic Dissection |
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Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm
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Enlargement of abdominal aorta
> 3cm |
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Usually 2° to
atherosclerosis |
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Below renals, above iliacs |
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About 20-25% rupture |
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<4cm~10%; >10 cm~60% |
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Retroperitoneal, usually on
left |
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Into GI tract: massive
hemorrhage |
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Into IVC: rapid cardiac
decompensation |
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Diaphragmatic Rupture
General
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5% of all diaphragmatic hernias |
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Most (90%) are left-sided |
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Central and posterior >10cm
in length |
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Contain stomach, colon, small
bowel, omentum, spleen |
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Half have no initial abnormal
radiographic findings |
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Half are missed clinically |
Diaphragmatic Rupture
General
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Associated with |
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Fx ribs |
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Pneumoperitoneum |
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Ruptured spleen |
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Delayed diagnosis = higher
mortality |
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MRI most useful in showing site
of tear |
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Diaphragmatic Rupture
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To learn more about
diaphragmatic rupture, go to: Diseases
of the Diaphragm |
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Small Bowel Obstruction
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To learn more about small bowel
obstructions, go to: Recognizing Obstruction and Ileus |
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Cecal and Sigmoid
volvulus
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To learn more about sigmoid
volvulus, go to: Sigmoid volvulus |
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Carcinoma of the Colon
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To learn more about carcinoma
of the colon, go to: Carcinoma of the Colon |
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Misplaced Lines and Tubes
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Misplaced lines and tubes
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For more on the proper location
of lines and tubes, go to: Tubes and Lines: What, Where and Whoops |
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Child Abuse
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For more on Battered Child
Syndrome (child abuse), go to : Child abuse |
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Hangman’s Fracture
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Most common fracture of C2 |
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Most common cervical spine
fracture |
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Hyperextension/compression
fracture |
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Fractures through the pedicles
of C2 with anterior slip of C2 on C3 |
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Not associated with neuro
deficit |
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Cervical Spine Injuries
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For more on injuries to the
cervical spine, go to : Cervical Spine Fractures and Dislocations |
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Fractures and
Dislocations
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For more on fractures and
dislocations, go to : Recognizing Fractures and Dislocations |
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Fractures and
Dislocations
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For more on fractures and
dislocations, go to : Recognizing Fractures and Dislocations |
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Fractures and
Dislocations
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For more on fractures and
dislocations, go to : Recognizing Fractures and Dislocations |
The 22 “Must-See”
Diagnoses
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Pneumothorax |
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Pneumomediastinum |
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Pneumoperitoneum |
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Pleural effusion |
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Pulmonary edema |
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Aortic dissection |
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Aortic rupture |
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Diaphragmatic rupture |
The 22 “Must-See”
Diagnoses
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9. Small bowel obstruction |
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10. Cecal and sigmoid volvulus |
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11. Distal Large Bowel
Obstruction |
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12. Ascites |
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13. Misplaced lines and tubes |
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14. Child abuse |
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15. Stroke |
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The 22 “Must-See”
Diagnoses
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16. Traumatic intracranial
hemorrhage |
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17. Increased intracranial
pressure |
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18. Space occupying lesions |
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19. Cervical spine injury |
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20. Fracture with extension
into joint |
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21. Elbow joint effusion |
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22. Shoulder dislocation |
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